Abdulazeez Youssf, E., & Ghanem Muhammad, A. (2023). A Historical Look at theConditions of Education in Algeria During the Ottoman-French Eras until the Outbreak of the First World War (1518 – 1914) Schools as a Model. College of Basic Education Research Journal, 19(1), 565–604. https://doi.org/10.33899/berj.2023.178127